Trees in Bangalore

Bangalore is India's 5th largest city and is also called the garden city of the country. Albizia lebbeck, Anthocephalus cadamba, Bauhinia variegata & B. purpurea, Bombax malabaricum, Brassaia actinophylla, Butea frondosa, Callistemon lanceolatus, Careya arborea, Cassia fistula, Cassia javanica, Cassia siamea, Cassia spectabilis, Castanospermum australe, Cochlospermum gossypium, Cordia sebestena, Colvillea racemosa, Couroupita guianensis, Delonix regia, Dolichandrone platycalyx, Enterlobium cyclocarpum, Erythrina indica, E. crista-galli, E. suberosa, Firmiana colorata, Gliricidia sepium, Grevillea robusta, Jacaranda mimosaefolia, Kigelia pinnata, Lagerstroemia flos-reginae, Michalea champaca, Milletia ovalifolia, Millingtonia hortensis, Parkia biglandulosa, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Plumeria sp., P.alba, P. rubra, Polyalthia longifolia, Pongamia glabra, Pterospermum acerifolium, Samanea saman, Santalum album, Saraca asoca, Solanum grandiflorum, Spathodea companulata, Swietenia mahogany, Syzygium cumini, Tabebuia argentea, Tabebuia avellanedae, Tabebuia rosea and Thespesia populnea are the common flowing Trees of Bangalore.

Lalbagh Medicinal Plants
Florist Flower Shop in Bangalore

Bauhinia
Bauhinia is a genus of more than 200 species of flowering plants in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the large flowering plant family Fabaceae, with a pantropical distribution. The genus was named after the Bauhin brothers, Swiss-French botanists.









Gulmohar Tree
Delonix regia (Gulmohar Tree) is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is noted for its fern-like leaves and flamboyant display of flowers. In many tropical parts of the world it is grown as an ornamental tree and in English it is given the name Royal Poinciana or Flamboyant. It is also one of several trees known as Flame tree. This species was previously placed in the genus Poinciana, named for Phillippe de Longvilliers de Poincy, the 17th century governor of Saint Christophe (Saint Kitts). It is a non nodulating legume. In the Indian state of Kerala, Royal Poinciana is called Kaalvarippoo which means the flower of Calvary. There is a popular belief among Saint Thomas Christians of Kerala that when Jesus was crucified, there was a small Royal Poinciana tree nearby his Cross. It is believed that the blood of Jesus Christ was shed over the flowers of the tree and this is how the flowers of Royal Poinciana got a sharp red color.



A 19th century discovery, Gulmohar or Delonix regia is a species of flowering plant from the Fabaceae family found in Madagascar by botanist Wensel Bojer. The other common names given to this tree are Royal Poinciana, Flamboyant, Flame of the Forest, Krishnachura and Peacock flower. Gulmohar tree when in full bloom is flamboyant and the blooms cover the whole tree revealing very few leaves. The summer months are very suitable for the tree to bloom. Gulmohar needs a tropical or sub-tropical climate, but can tolerate heat and humid conditions. It is very widely grown in the Caribbean, some parts of North America, Hong Kong, the Cananry Islands, Taiwan, India and southern China.



Most common are trees with bright red or orange flowers. But, there are some rare trees with yellow flowers and white flowers. Each flower comprises of 5 petals, 4 of them will be in bright red or orange and the 5th one is streaked in yellow and white. The flowers have their own distinct smell. The leaves look very delicate comprising of small individual leaflets supporting the flower clusters. These leaves fold up during the evenings. The tree grows to a height of 30-40 feet tall, but its branches spread wide to form an awning. Hence, this tree is mainly planted for its ornamental value and to provide shade.



Beleric Myrobalan
Terminalia bellirica, known as "Bahera" or Beleric or Bastard Myrobalan, (Vibhitaka), is a large deciduous tree common on plains and lower hills in Southeast Asia, where it is also grown as an avenue tree. The basionym is Myrobalanus bellirica Gaertn. . William Roxburgh transferred M. bellirica to Terminalia as "T. bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.". This spelling error is now widely used, causing confusion. The correct name is Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. The leaves are about 15 cm long and crowded toward the ends of the branches. It is considered a good fodder for cattle. Terminalia bellirica seeds have an oil content of 40%, whose fatty-acid methyl ester meets all of the major biodiesel requirements in the USA, Germany (DIN V 51606) and European Union (EN 14214). The seeds are called bedda nuts. In traditional Indian Ayurvedic medicine, Beleric is known as "Bibhitaki" (Terminalia bellirica). In its fruit form, it is used in the popular Indian herbal rasayana treatment triphala. In Sanskrit it is called vibhidaka.

Indian Neem
Neem (Azadirachta Indica) is used in the Ayurvedic medicines, for more than 4000 years. It is referred as Sarva Roga Nivarini in our Vedas which means 'the one that cures all ailments & illnesses'. Owing to its versatile characteristics, it is rightly called the Village Pharmacy. Due to which, the tree is gaining respect throughout the world. The seeds & leaves contain compounds which are demonstrated to have antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-pyretic, hypotensive, anti-ulcerating, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral and anti-malarial Properties. Variety of skin diseases, septic sores, infected burns, small-pox, chicken-pox & warts have traditionally been treated with paste of neem leaves.



Indian Almond
Terminalia catappa (Indian Almond) is a large tropical tree in the leadwood tree family, Combretaceae, that grows mainly in the tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia. It is known by the common names Bengal almond, country almond, Indian almond, Malabar almond/ Jangli badam, Bangla badam/ Ketapang. Also known as the Sea Almond or Tropical Almond, this Almond tree is among one of the most common trees throughout India, Malaysia and many other parts of SE Asia, growing wild as well as cultivated for its striking features as well as its tasty nut. The leaf extract from Indian almonds have been used traditionally to sickle cell anemia and boost liver function. Additionally, the oil from the leaves treat skin problems when applied as a salve. The seeds are believed to treat liver cancer and act as an aphrodisiac. The dried root has been used for their effective antimicrobial activities against e-coli and staph outbreaks.



Rubber fig
The Rubber fig (Ficus elastica), also called the rubber bush, rubber tree, rubber plant, or Indian rubber bush, is a species of plant in the fig genus, native to northeast India, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma, China (Yunnan), Malaysia, and Indonesia. It has become naturalized in Sri Lanka, the West Indies, and the US State of Florida.



African Tulip Tree
Spathodea is a monotypic genus in the flowering plant family Bignoniaceae. The single species it contains, Spathodea campanulata, is commonly known as the African tuliptree, fountain tree, pichkari or Nandi flame. The tree grows between 7�25 m (23�82 ft) tall and is native to tropical dry forests of Africa. It has been nominated as among 100 of the "World's Worst" invaders. This tree is planted extensively as an ornamental tree throughout the tropics and is much appreciated for its very showy reddish-orange or crimson (rarely yellow), campanulate flowers. The generic name comes from the Ancient Greek words spa (spathe) and da (oida), referring to the spathe-like calyx. It was discovered in 1787 on the Gold Coast of Africa.



The African Tulip Tree was introduced to Singapore in the 1910's from Africa, probably as a decorative shade tree because of their beautiful red tulip-like flowers. The seeds are edible. The soft, white timber used in making paper. In West Africa, their homeland, the wood is used to make drums and blacksmith's bellows. It has shallow roots and a tendency for branches to break off in a storm. Thus it considered unsuitable as a roadside tree.

Cassia Fistula
Cassia fistula, known as the golden shower tree and by other names, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. The species is native to the Indian subcontinent and adjacent regions of Southeast Asia. It ranges from southern Pakistan eastward throughout India to Myanmar and Thailand and south to Sri Lanka. In literature, it is closely associated with the Mullai (forest) region of Sangam landscape. It is the national tree of Thailand, and its flower is Thailand's national flower. It is also the state flower of Kerala in India and of immense importance amongst the Malayali population. It is a popular ornamental plant and is also used in herbal medicine.

There are many medicinal uses for C. fistula known from Asia. The flesh of the fruit is used as a laxative, while the bark can be used to treat skin infections. In India the strongly scented pulp is sometimes added to tobacco and smoked.



Ashoka Tree
Saraca asoca is a plant belonging to the Caesalpinioideae subfamily of the legume family. The ashoka is a rain-forest tree. Its original distribution was in the central areas of the Deccan plateau, as well as the middle section of the Western Ghats in the western coastal zone of the Indian subcontinent. The ashoka is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flowers. It is a handsome, small, erect evergreen tree, with deep green leaves growing in dense clusters.

Its flowering season is around February to April. The ashoka flowers come in heavy, lush bunches. They are bright orange-yellow in color, turning red before wilting. The bark of Ashoka Tree is used for its medicinal value and it is reported to have a stimulating effect on the endometrium and ovarian tissue. The bark is useful in all cases of uterine bleeding where ergot is indicated.

A list of various trees that can be planted on lake bunds and other areas.

Small spaces Gobbara gida, Kakke mara, Honge
Medium spaces Neem, Honge, Indian almond, Subabul, Bilvadapatre
Large sized spaces Bauhinea, Bombax (silk cotton Tree), Champaka, Mango, Gooseberries, Custard Apple, Jackfruit, Tamarind, Athi mara, Goni mara
Keystone species at lake gates or in large corners Peepal and Banyan

Trees that can be planted in vacant areas around the lake are

Common Name Scientific Name
Red Silk Cotton (Buruga) Bombax ceiba
Flame of the forest (Muthuga) Butea monosperma*
Indian Coral Tree (Harivana) Erythrina indica/verigata
Erythrina (Mullu muruku) Erythrina suberosa
Gliricidia Gliricidia_sepium*
Indian Cork Tree (Birate mara /Aakasha Mallige) Millingtonia hortensis
Badminton ball tree Parkia biglandulosa
White Silk Cotton (Kaduburuga) Cochlospermum gossypium
Scarlet-Sterculia Firmiana colorata
Neem (Bhevu) Azadirachta indica*
Peepul (Aarali Mara) Ficus religiosa
Ficus (Aathi hannu) Ficus recemosa
Banyan (Goni Mara) Ficus benghalensis
Jamun (Sanna Nerale Mara) Syzygium cumini*
Jamun (Dodda Nerale) Eugenia jambolana*
Mahua (Hippe) Madhuca latifolia*
Madras thorn (Bettada Hunise) Pithecellobium dulce*
Bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus*
Pongamia (Honge) Pongamia pinneta*
Amate Kai Spondias pinnata*

Trees for Highway planting �National & State

Species Value
Shorea roxburghii Nectar, Dust & Pollution Control
Butea monosperma Nectar, Dust & Pollution Control
Syzigium cumini Nectar, Fruits
Terminalia arjuna Nectar
Pterocarpus marsupium Nectar
Holoptelia integrifolia Fruits, Dust & Pollution control
Albizia lebbeck Dust & Pollution control
Tamarindus indica Nectar, Fruits
Terminalia bellirica Nectar
Givotia rottleriformis Dust & Pollution Control
Gyrocarpus americanus Dust & Pollution Control
Ailanthus excels Dust & Pollution Control
Melia dubia Nectar,Fruits, Dust & Pollution Control

Trees for planting on narrow roads� 20 - 30 ft.

Species Value
Buchanania lanzan Nectar,Fruits
Holarrhena antidysentrica Nectar
Premna tomentosa Nectar,Fruits
Bauhinia tomentosa Nectar
Cochlospermum religiosum Nectar
Gardenia latifolia Nectar,Fruits
Gardenia gummifera Nectar,Fruits
Lagerstroemia parviflora Nectar
Memecylon umbellatum Nectar,Fruits
Grewia spp. Nectar,Fruits
Morinda pubescens Nectar,Fruits
Tarenna asiatica Nectar,Fruits
Cipadessa baccifera Fruits
Breynia vitis-ideae Fruits
Cordia myxa Fruits
Erythrina suberosa Nectar
Mundulea sericea Nectar
Wrightia tinctoria Nectar
Ixora pavetta Nectar,Fruits
Dalbergia paniculata Nectar
Capparis sepiaria Nectar
Alangium salvifolium Nectar,Fruits
Carissa carandas Nectar,Fruits

Legume trees in India

Legumes are nitrogen fixers and are important in agriculture. Specifically, tree legumes (Nitrogen Fixing Trees, NFTs) are especially valuable in subtropical and tropical agroforestry. The major fodder legumes crops cultivated in India are Medicago sativa, Trifolium alexandrinum, Vigna unguiculata, Mucuna pruriens, Vigna umbellate and range legumes are Stylosanthes spp., Desmanthus virgatus, Clitoria ternatea and others. Among these, Medicago sativa, Trifolium alexandrinum and Vigna unguiculata are more popular among cultivated legumes and Stylosanthes in range legumes because of easy availability of seeds of improved varieties and well developed technology to increase the forage yield and quality.